Different roof types and storm damage
Storm Recovery · All Roof Types

Storm Damage by Roof Type — What to Inspect, Document & Claim

Every roof material fails differently in a storm. Knowing what damage looks like on your specific roof type is the difference between a full insurance payout and a denied claim.

Jump to your roof type ↓

The most expensive insurance claim mistake is documenting the wrong things. An adjuster looking at a tile roof is looking for very different evidence than one inspecting asphalt shingles. Use this guide to prepare before the adjuster arrives.

Most Common · Gulf & Atlantic Coast

🏠 Asphalt Shingles

The most common roof type on coastal homes. Asphalt shingles are the most straightforward to document after a storm — damage is usually visible. The challenge is proving wind vs. wear-and-tear age to your insurer.

Wind resistance
Moderate
Hail visibility
High
Claim difficulty
Low
Asphalt shingle wind damage after storm
💨

Wind damage

Missing shingles, lifted tabs, creased shingles along ridge. Document exposed decking immediately — water intrusion starts within hours.

🌨️

Hail damage

Random dark bruise marks, granule loss in gutters, dimples on soft metal (gutters, flashing, AC fins). Each hail hit compresses the mat and accelerates aging.

🌊

Water intrusion

Active leaks, water stains on decking, lifted flashing at valleys and penetrations. Check attic 24 hours after the storm.

🔍

What adjusters miss

Granule loss that isn't visible from the ground. Cracked or fractured tabs. Bruising underneath lifted shingles. Always request a full roof walk.

✅ Claim advantages

  • Damage is visible and obvious
  • Adjusters know what to look for
  • Replacement cost well-established
  • Matching requirements often favor homeowner

❌ Common claim pitfalls

  • Insurer attributes damage to age/wear
  • Partial replacement vs full replacement disputes
  • Granule loss classified as cosmetic
  • Wind speed thresholds on older policies

Asphalt shingle storm damage?

Get a licensed inspector to document before cleanup. Free, no obligation.

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Metal roofing hail damage inspection
Growing Fast in Coastal Markets

🏗️ Metal Roofing

Metal roofs are the most durable option in high-wind coastal zones — but they hide damage better than any other material. Hail dents, coating failure, and seam separation are invisible from the ground and frequently missed by adjusters who aren't metal specialists.

Wind resistance
Excellent
Hail visibility
Low
Claim difficulty
High

Hail dents & coating loss

Circular dents break the protective coating. Corrosion begins within months. Requires close-up inspection — coins placed next to dents for photographic scale.

🔩

Fastener back-out

Wind pressure causes screws and nails to back out of panels. Water enters around loosened fasteners. Invisible without walking the roof.

📐

Seam separation

Standing seam panels can separate at joints under wind uplift. Major leak risk at end laps and side laps. Check after every high-wind event.

🏗️

Metal shingles

Hail damage often indistinguishable from normal surface texture. Requires manufacturer-certified inspector. Don't let a general contractor assess metal shingles.

✅ Claim advantages

  • Wind ratings are documented and provable
  • Manufacturer specs support replacement thresholds
  • Long lifespan means RCV payouts are higher
  • FORTIFIED certification helps with appeals

❌ Common claim pitfalls

  • Adjusters classify hail dents as cosmetic
  • General contractors miss metal-specific damage
  • Coating damage undervalued in initial scope
  • Shorter claim windows in some states

Metal roof storm damage?

Read our full metal roofing guide — then get a specialist inspection.

Full Metal Guide → Get Inspection →
Dominant in Florida & Gulf Coast

🧱 Tile Roofing

Concrete and clay tile is the dominant roof type across Florida and the Gulf Coast. Tile is extremely wind-resistant when intact — but individual tiles crack or dislodge and the underlayment beneath is the real waterproofing layer. A tile claim is usually an underlayment claim.

Wind resistance
Very High
Hail visibility
Moderate
Claim difficulty
Moderate
Tile roof inspection after storm damage
🧱

Cracked / broken tiles

Direct impact from debris or hail cracks tile. Each broken tile exposes underlayment. Even a small crack channels water during heavy rain.

💨

Displaced tiles

Wind lifts and shifts tiles out of alignment. Underlayment exposed at ridge, hip, and valley tiles first. Often invisible without walking the roof.

📋

Underlayment failure

The real waterproofing is the felt or synthetic underlayment under the tile. When it fails — from age or storm damage — the entire roof leaks even with intact tile. This is your primary claim item.

🔍

Matching issues

Discontinued tile profiles are your best friend in a claim. If your exact tile is no longer made, Florida law often requires full replacement to match.

✅ Claim advantages

  • Cracked tiles are clearly storm-caused
  • Underlayment replacement is a large claim
  • Discontinued tile matching forces full replacement
  • Long life means high replacement value

❌ Common claim pitfalls

  • Insurer replaces only cracked tiles, not underlayment
  • Age of underlayment used to reduce payout
  • Walking on tiles during inspection breaks more
  • Matching disputes on partial replacements

Tile roof storm damage?

A licensed tile roofing specialist can document underlayment exposure — the key to a full claim.

Get Free Inspection →
Flat roof water damage after storm
Common on Low-Slope Homes & Commercial

📦 Flat / TPO / Modified Bitumen

Flat and low-slope roofing systems — TPO membrane, modified bitumen, and built-up roofing — are common on commercial buildings and Florida homes with flat sections. Storm damage here is almost always water-related: membrane punctures, seam failures, and drain blockages.

Wind resistance
Moderate
Hail visibility
Moderate
Claim difficulty
Moderate-High
🌊

Membrane punctures

Debris impact during a storm punches through TPO or modified bitumen membrane. Even a small hole causes major interior damage during sustained rain.

🔗

Seam failure

Wind pressure lifts membrane edges and pulls seams apart. Water enters at any open seam. Heat-welded TPO seams are most vulnerable at termination points.

🌪️

Wind uplift

Ballasted systems lose gravel during high winds. Edge metal and perimeter flashings blow off. Any separation at the roof edge is a major wind damage claim.

🚰

Drain blockage flooding

Storm debris blocks interior drains causing ponding water. If water weight exceeds design load — a structural emergency. Document standing water depth immediately.

✅ Claim advantages

  • Membrane punctures are clearly documented
  • Water intrusion evidence is straightforward
  • Commercial policies often have broader coverage
  • Wind uplift damage is measurable

❌ Common claim pitfalls

  • "Pre-existing ponding" used to deny claims
  • Age and maintenance records scrutinized
  • Interior damage often excluded separately
  • Matching issues on modified bitumen sections

Flat or low-slope roof storm damage?

Membrane damage needs immediate inspection — delays make attribution harder.

Get Free Inspection →
Less Common · High Insurance Value

🪵 Wood Shake & Wood Shingles

Wood shake and shingles are less common on newer coastal homes due to fire and insurance requirements — but many older homes still have them. Storm claims on wood roofs are often the most contested because of the difficulty separating storm damage from natural weathering and decay.

Wind resistance
Low-Moderate
Hail visibility
Moderate-High
Claim difficulty
Very High
Wood shake roof storm damage interior leak
💥

Split shakes

Hail impact splits wood fibers along the grain. Fresh splits have bright, exposed wood grain. Older splits are gray and weathered — key distinction for adjusters.

💨

Wind-lifted shakes

Individual shakes blow off or lift. Missing shakes are obvious but adjusters will argue pre-existing decay. Document with before-storm photos if possible.

🍄

Accelerated decay

Storm debris and trapped moisture accelerate wood rot after a storm. What started as wind damage becomes a decay claim quickly. Act within days not weeks.

⚖️

Age vs storm damage

The hardest claim to win. Get a wood roofing specialist — not a general roofer — who can document fresh storm damage vs existing weathering in writing.

✅ Claim advantages

  • Fresh hail splits are clearly identifiable
  • High replacement value for quality cedar shake
  • Matching is nearly impossible — full replacement likely
  • Expert testimony often supports homeowners

❌ Common claim pitfalls

  • Pre-existing decay cited to deny storm damage
  • Age of roof heavily weighted against payout
  • Very few adjusters specialize in wood roofing
  • Some policies exclude wood shake entirely

Wood shake storm damage?

Wood claims require a specialist who can distinguish fresh storm damage from weathering. Get matched now.

Get Free Inspection →
After a Storm Total Loss

Choosing a new roof type after storm damage

If your storm damage warrants a full replacement, you have an opportunity to upgrade your roof's storm resistance. Here's how each material compares for coastal homeowners replacing after a total loss.

Cost (installed)
Asphalt: lowest
Wind resistance
Metal: highest
Insurance savings
Metal/Tile: 20–45%
Homeowner choosing new roof type after storm replacement
💰

Budget: Architectural shingles

$10,000–$18,000 installed for most coastal homes. Best value for pure cost. Choose Class 4 impact-rated, 130mph wind-rated products. Avoid 3-tab shingles on any coastal property.

🏆

Best long-term: Standing seam metal

$18,000–$35,000 installed. Highest wind resistance, 40–50 year lifespan, qualifies for maximum FORTIFIED discounts. Often pays for the premium through insurance savings within 8–12 years.

🌴

Florida favorite: Concrete tile

$20,000–$40,000 installed. Extremely durable, excellent insurance ratings, virtually immune to hail damage. Heavy — requires structural assessment on older homes. Very common in South Florida.

📋

What your insurer prefers

Ask your insurer specifically — many now offer premium discounts for metal and Class 4 impact-rated shingles. The discount can change your break-even calculation significantly.

Before the Adjuster Arrives

Universal documentation rules — regardless of roof type

Certain documentation steps apply to every roof type and every storm. Do these before any cleanup, before any temporary repairs, and before the adjuster visits.

✅ Do immediately after the storm

  • Video walk of the entire exterior — all 4 sides
  • Close-up photos of every damage area
  • Wide shots showing damage in context of whole roof
  • Attic photos showing any water stains or wet insulation
  • Gutters — debris, granules, hail spatter marks
  • HVAC units, skylights, soft metals — same storm hit them
  • Screenshot of NOAA storm report for your zip code
  • Date and time stamp every photo — don't edit anything

❌ Never do before documentation

  • Clean up or remove debris from the roof
  • Pressure wash the roof surface
  • Make permanent repairs before adjuster visits
  • Remove damaged shingles, tiles, or panels
  • Allow contractor to start work without your photos taken first
  • Accept a cash settlement without a full written scope
  • Sign anything before you understand what you're signing
⚠️ Temporary repairs are fine — but document first

You have a duty under your policy to prevent further damage — so tarping an active leak is appropriate and expected. But document the damage before you tarp it. Courts and adjusters have consistently held that pre-repair documentation is the homeowner's responsibility. "The tarp covered it" is not a defense against a denied claim.

Common Questions

Storm damage insurance FAQ — by roof type

My insurer says my tile damage is cosmetic. Is that right?+

Cracked tile is rarely purely cosmetic — even a hairline crack in a concrete or clay tile channels water to the underlayment during heavy rain. Request your adjuster put their cosmetic determination in writing, then have a roofing contractor assess whether the crack creates a functional water intrusion pathway. That assessment changes the claim category.

Will my insurer pay to match my discontinued shingles?+

Most states have matching laws that require insurers to pay for a uniform appearance. Florida, North Carolina, and Virginia have strong matching requirements. Document the discontinued profile before tearoff — get the manufacturer's discontinued notice in writing. This is often the difference between a partial and a full replacement payout.

My flat roof has been leaking since the storm but the adjuster says it's maintenance. What do I do?+

Get a thermal moisture scan of the roof. This technology identifies wet insulation beneath the membrane and can definitively show areas saturated after the storm date vs pre-existing areas. A thermal scan report dated after the storm is strong evidence that the damage is storm-related, not maintenance neglect.

How long do I have to file a storm damage claim?+

Varies by state and policy. Florida generally allows 1 year from the storm date for hurricane claims under current law (as of 2023). Texas is typically 2 years. Other states range from 1–3 years. Check your specific policy — the declarations page will have the claim reporting requirements. Never assume you have more time than you do.

Asphalt shingles after storm damage Close up of shingle granule loss from hail
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